Alcoholic beverages contain more calories that the ordinary food like sugar, salt and fat. Wine, beer, cider, spirits and most of the beverages we take are made by fermenting and distilling natural starch and sugar. Being high in sugar means alcohol contains lots of calories seven calories a gram in fact, almost as many as pure fat.
Calories from alcohol are ?empty calories?, they have no nutritional value. Most alcoholic drinks contain traces of vitamins and minerals, but not usually in amounts that make any significant contribution to our diet. It?s not just the calories that are a problem for our waistlines. Drinking alcohol reduces the amount of fat your body burns for energy. While we can store nutrients, protein, carbohydrates and fat in our bodies, we can?t store alcohol. So our systems want to get rid of it as the first priority. All of the other processes that should be taking place including absorbing nutrients and burning fat are interrupted.
Alcohol consumption
and food intake:
People need to consume food in order to survive. It is not only needed for fuel but the body also uses elements of this nutrition for repair of the body. The digestive system is a group of organs in the body that are tasked with the role of removing all the needed nutrients from any food that is eaten. In order for people to live life to the fullest they need to have a fully functional digestive system.
Alcohol is metabolised extremely quickly by the body.? Unlike foods, which require time for digestion, alcohol needs no digestion and is quickly absorbed.?? Alcohol gets important treatment in the body, absorbing and metabolising before most other nutrients.? About 20 percent is absorbed directly across the walls of an empty stomach and can reach the brain within one minute. Alcohol is rapidly absorbed in the upper portion of the small intestine. The alcohol-laden blood then travels to the liver via the veins and capillaries of the digestive tract, which affects nearly every liver cell.?
Though alcohol affects every organ of the body, its most dramatic impact is upon the liver. The liver cells normally prefer fatty acids as fuel, and package excess fatty acids as triglycerides, which they then route to other tissues of the body. However, when alcohol is present, the liver cells are forced to first metabolise the alcohol, letting the fatty acids accumulate, sometimes in huge amounts. Alcohol metabolism permanently changes liver cell structure, which impairs the livers ability to metabolise fats. This explains why heavy drinkers tend to develop fatty livers. The liver is able to metabolise about ? ounce of ethanol per hour (approximately one drink, depending on a person?s body size, food intake, etc. If more alcohol arrives in the liver than the enzymes can handle, the excess alcohol travels to all parts of the body, circulating until the liver enzymes are finally able to process it. (Which is another good reason not to consume more than one drink per hour.)
The first sip of alcohol injure the tissues in your mouth and esophagus. The liquid inflicts further injury as it flows into your stomach and then into the small intestines. Alcohol requires no digestion, once in the body, it enters the bloodstream immediately through the stomach or small intestine lining. If you just ate something, the process slows down, but you will still become intoxicated and damage will still occur.
Chronic alcohol use leads to detrimental consequences in the Gastro Intestinal Tract (GI). The GI tract, generally considered a continuous tube extending from the mouth to the anus, is subdivided into different segments: oral cavity, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, rectum, and anal canal.? Accessory glands, those that aid in digestion include liver, pancreas and salivary glands. The GI tract?s job is to physically and chemically break down the food that you eat.? The GI tract allows absorption of nutrients into bloodstream and excretes any waste products it generates.
The GI tract is the site of alcohol absorption into the blood stream, direct contact of alcohol with the mucus membrane that lines upper GI tract can cause numerous metabolic and functional changes.? Metabolic changes have to do with the chemical processes that take place in living organisms, resulting in growth, generation of energy, elimination of wastes and other body functions as they relate to the distribution of nutrients in the blood after digestion.
Effects of alcohol
on the body tissues:
After drinking alcohol, the lower esophageal sphincter (LES) becomes weak and thus may allow gastric acids from the stomach, which are used to digest food, into the esophagus. Some people may experience an enlargement of the parotid gland, one of the largest pairs of salivary glands that lie at the side of the face just below and in front of the external ear, this causes damage to the salivary glands and interferes with saliva secretion.
There is possibility of inflammation of the tongue and mouth, increased incidence of tooth decay, gum disease and loss of teeth and impairment to movement of the esophagus. Alcohol is a sedative-depressant of the central nervous system, capable of rupturing veins. It does not warm you up, but causes you to feel colder by increasing perspiration and body heat loss. It destroys brain cells by causing the withdrawal of necessary water from them. It can deplete the body of vitamins B1, B2, B6, B12, folic acid, vitamin C, Vitamin K, zinc, magnesium (the antistress mineral) and potassium (essential for clear thinking).
Heartburn is frequently caused by excessive alcohol intake. It does this by relaxing the sphincter that is there to control the acidic contents of the stomach from passing into the esophagus. If this fluid makes it past the sphincter it can be highly irritating to the esophagus, and this is what causes heartburn.
Alcohol abuse can damage the lining of the stomach. This can lead to problems, including inflammation of the stomach (gastritis).
It can cause malabsorbtion so that the individual is not absorbing all the nutrients from food they need. It may cause leaky gut syndrome where unwanted toxins are able to leak through the intestine into the rest of the body. These toxins then cause problems and lead to ill-health.
It can complicate symptoms of irritable bowel syndrome, may cause both diarrhea and constipation. Excessive alcohol intake can lead to an inflammation of the pancreas. This is known as pancreatitis and it can lead to life-threatening complications. It can also interfere with the ability of the digestive system to function effectively.
The effect of alcohol on the liver is well documented. If people are drinking excessively they can start to develop the early stages of alcoholic liver disease. If this progresses to cirrhosis then the damage will be so severe that this organ is unable to function properly. Not only is the liver vital for digestion, but it is also necessary for other important functions as well.
Nutrition for alcoholics:
Staying hydrated and enjoying moderate exercise most days of the week can also help. Drink a lot of water to allow the kidneys to function well.?
Eat a low fat diet: While fat is a vital nutrient, for those who are overweight or obese, it might be worthwhile to reduce fat consumption for some time. By eating a reduced calorie and low fat diet, you can lose weight and reduce stress placed on your body. With less stress, your body can focus on healing itself and improving the immune system.
Eat foods high in B Vitamins: Vitamin B is able to improve liver function, which is the organ most likely to be damaged after a period of alcohol abuse. It is recommended to consume a diet high in foods with Vitamin B. Many vegetable and fruits are a source of various B vitamins, including spinach, broccoli, asparagus, lentils, calf liver and? romaine lettuce can help.
Source: http://www.observer.org.sz/index.php?news=45162
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